Burner for liquid and gaseous fuels



Feb. 14, 1928. 1,659,221

v A. P. STANLEY ET AL BURNER FOR LIQUID AND GAsEous FUELS Filed Feb. 14, 1921 3 sheets-sheet 1 2\ 7\ N I/ *N v/ l N /zf l j 1 i l /7/ 1 u* A a f7 /f /4 A TTORNE Y.

Feb. 14, 1928.

A. P. STANLEY ET AL BURNER FOR LIQUID AND GAKSEOUS FUELS Filed Feb. 14. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 14, 1928.

A. P. STANLEY ET AL ,1659221 BURNER FOR LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS A TTORNE Y.

lietentecl Feb. 14, 19228u Hurrah fs'rarss l ATEiur anni P. sri/@.NLEY, or Conni/mus, erin EDGAR A. swimsuit, or '.Yoftirssrowir, orro.

BURNER FOR LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS.

Application filed February 14, 1921. i Seralo. 44%643.

Our 'invention relates to burners dior `liquid and gaseous tuels and has for its sini the production of a novel type of' burner that may be utilized with equal ae-ility in the e .f 'onsuinption of coal-oil., Afuel-oil tgasoline or v nl. or artitieial gas. `Either liquid or s tuel may be used separately or tourer in our noveltorm ot' burner. (Eur burner is rendered purtioularly adaptable to the use of liquid fuel by theprovision oit s novel means of injecting the fuel into the gas generating chamber oit our device. 'lf'his novel means contemplates :the utilization ol ster` n as u vehicle by which the fuel is picked`- up and carried into the generating chamber as a mist or spray. The steam thus utilized performs the additional. i'ii'luetion ot attaclinej the Carbon produeedby the eraching` et the fuel andA turningl this Carbon into water The tuel is Crushed. at about three hundred and Fifty (.350) 'degreesh andthe eurbon is Converted into waterpas Whether it has been deposited on the walls of the generating Chamber or Carried through the Chamber Withlhe gaseous leleu'ients otf the fuel. rl`hus, one important phase ot our invention arises from theltaet that the steam u'illfgrrea-tly'reduce the carbon deposits in ihe generating chamber and7 in uliaet, prael'ieally eliminates these deposits.

More speeilically, our invention Contemplates the provision ot a noveleonstruction ol burner embodying a mein burner pipe 'whiehmay be :ted from one' endby1 natural :is or artilioial and Whieh maybe ted :l'rom the other end by a volgatilized liquid `'i'fuel preteralily carried to the ggeneratii g; Cham-l ber by steam. In our preferred-struoureyo't lairner` the volatilization ot'the liquid Lfuel lo and the generation of the 'steam is effected Within the burner itself. Not only this, but the burner construction is-sueh that the liquid and: gaseousi'fuel can be introduced and utilized simultaneously.

Our novel structure ot' burner `is such that it includes a means 'for preeheating the air to be mixed with the gas so as to ensure a better mixture und a better burning. ltalso desirably includes a series et `mesh screens or reticulate members to further facilitate mixing.

Further important advantages ot our novel structure of burner will appear as this description progresses. The preferred em- 55 bodiment of our invent-ion is shown inthe accompanying drawings wherein similar' diameters oli' reference designate eorresponding parts and wherein 1 `Figure l 4is a `transverse seetio through our burner. y

Figure 2 is al sect-ion talten on line of Figure l..

Figure 3 .is a section taken on line lli-"B- C--Dlll oit Figure l.

Figure l is a section taken online rif-l3- D-l ot Figure l.

ln the drawings, the main `burner pipe may be designated 1; It. eomprisesahor- Zonta-l pipe ot substantial oross-sectional uren to the `lett end of which is Connected natural or artilioialgas inletpipe 2 under the eontrol ot alvalve This main-burner pipe l is provided in its upper Wall with a series of ports fpreiferably arranged in separate. rows as shown in Figure 2. y

.The right-hand end et the pipe l is oonneeted With an elbow construction comprised ot elbow units 5 and 6y (see Figure Ll), these elbow units being connected together by an. externally threaded sleeve 7 that screws into opposing;` endswol2 the .units andG. The lower end of the `unit 5 is internallythreaded to sei-ew upon threat s on the right-hand end ot'rthe pipe l. iis `also internally threaded for the receptionof the external threads ot ay liquid fuel pipe 8. This liquid iuel pipe 8 is-inlparallelism "Wit'hithe pipe l but to one'side` of a vertieal `plane through this pipe 1 (see liigure l). i

'lLilteWise.disposed in Aparallelism withthe pipes l and 8 is a steam pipe 9. This steam pipe 9 `is `above pipel but is-toathe opposite side oit the vertical plane throughthe pipe (see `Figure l). i

The main burner pipe l passes through `openings in an end casing l and a Cross par tion ll. -Disposed outside of the partition 1l and sutlioiently spaced therefrom to provide room for the elbow `units and t? is the opposite end easing l2. The end easings l() and l2 are provided with feet 18 and .14 and immediately above these feet, carry u bottom plate l5 withan air inlet 16 arranged therein. Q l

This bottom plate l5 rests upon the 'feet let and is provided at its side `with upwardliT extending side Vpieces 17y and 18 that extend approximatelyhalt Way up the sides ofthe burnerstructure. Attheir upper ends,`1'they taken The upper end ot theunit CII fix

are inwardly bent to form hoods 19 and 20 and then are downwardly bent into parallelism with and spaced relation to the side pieces 17 and 18 as at 21 and 22. Cooperating' with this structure is a baille plate structure having' a base 23 and opstanding leg members 24 and 25. These pieces 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 extend the full length et the space between the end plate and the partition l1 and cause the incoming air to traverse tortuous paths in its approach to the chamber 2G beneath the burner pipe 1.

Mounted between the members 21 and and forming; the top ot the chamber 26 is the burner pipe 1 together| with certain screen structure now to be described. The screen structure taires the form ot spaced screens or reticulate plates 27 and 28. rlhe screen or reticulate member 28 is oi such l'orm that the openings therethroiuih are relatively smaller than theopenings through the member 27. These reticulate members are in the form of inverted Us and the member 27 embraces the main burner pipe 1 in spaced relation thereto while the member 28 emb'aces the member 27 and in spaced relation thereto. At its lower end, the member 2S .is provided with lateral rcticulateextensions 2) which extend into abutting relation to the lower ends of the depending baille plates 21 and 22.

rlie lett-hand end ot the pipe `8 is threaded into a portion oi' the end plate through r which extends a duct 3() whose outer end is provided with a nozzle space. l nozzle 31 extends into this space part way and this nozzle may be supplied with a liquid fuel under pressure and under the control oi a needle valve 32 or by means ot' a similarly controlled fuel nozzle at right angles thereto such as indicated in dotted lines at 33. The needle valve S2 is operated by a handle wheel 3st and a similar structure may be provided .tor the nozzle structure 33. The needle valve 32 and the tnel nozzle at 33 malte possible the deliveryY o1: two diil'erent kinds of fuel to the pipe 8. Either fuel may be used as desired.

The lett-handend ot the steam pipe 9 is likewise threaded into the end casing 10 while its right-hand end is capped as at Goncentrically disposed within this steam pipe 9, we have provided an inner tube 36 which is to be lied with water under pressure under the control ot a needle valve 37 having a hand-wheel 3S on its stem. The needle valves 32 and 37 are desirably operated in unison and proportionately and this is ensured by the provision ot inter-meshing gears 39 and 40. However, these valves may be operable independently.

A means for starting the burner is comprised in the trough 4-1 which is mounted beneath the pipe 8 and which may be ted with a small charge of fuel-oil through the pipe -l2, to be lighted through the opening 50.

In the operation ol our burner with liquid fuel, fuel-oil may be introduced into the igniting trough Lil and ignited and the needle valve 32 maj,Y be opened to permit the admission ot' liquid luel into the pipe 8. Vaporization `willtake place in a short` time. At the same time, due to the iutcrmeshing relation olf the gears 3f) and Al0, water introduced into the inner tube Elli and the heat within the burner results in a generation ot steam. This generation oi steam takes place as the Vater leaves the inner tube lt' or before and the steam so generated pa es downwardly through the duct #13 alon side ot the injector nozzle 3l. Passing;l by the injector nozzle 31, it picks up the liquid luel being delivered to this injector nozzle under pressure and carries it as a mist or spraiinto the pipe 8 which constitutes the L 'as gein eratingchamber. rl`he gas generated .in this chamber passes through the elbow units (i and 5 and the sleeve 7 and thence into the main burner pipe 1, whence it passes upwardly through the ports Ll. As it emerges :from the ports 4. it meets the air which has been pre-heated and delivered into the space bet-Ween the main burner pipe 1 and the reticulate member 27. Then, it passes through the reticulate member 27 and into the passage or space between the .members 27 and 2S where it is supplemented b v the preheated air which has risen into this passage from the chamber 26. At this time, the burner goes into full operation and the t'ull heating,- effect of the flame applied to the gas generating chamber pipe t as well as to the steam pipe l).

lllhen the temperature in the gas generating chamber is approximately three hundred and titty (350) degrees li. or over. there is a tendency lor the carbon element :troni the cracked lfucl to deposit on the walls of this gas lgenerating;l chamber. llowercr, the steani 'which is coming into this gas lgenerating chamber and passingthrough the same, is constantl'ti1 attacking this carbon deposit in addition to its normal 'Function as a vehicle for the fuel so that practically all oi the carbon is converted into water gas which is linally consumed with the gaseous elements of the fuel..

By reference particularl5T to Figui-rf l.,` it will be apparent, as indicated by the arrows, that the air enters the (q .icning 1G inthe hase plate and pursues a tortuous passage upward and inward and then downward until it reaches the chamber 26. B v this time. it thoroughly1 heated and then passes upward ly between and through the retieulate members 27 and 28 in the manner previously described. This pre-heating;I oi the air ensures a more complete and ellicient combustion.

fit)

nee-ener be used instead of the tivo as shown. Lilieivise, the air and gas may be burnedtogether Without any mixing y screen or reticulate plate. An important advantage is gained by mixing the air andgas at rthe burner ports, in that they are burned together immediately after mixing Without being can ried through long pipes in a mixed. combustible state. This will prevent ignition and burning in the pipe before the burner ports are reached. y i

ln the operation of ourburner, liquid fuel may be allowed to run through the steam injecting nozzle into the kgas generating chaniber Without the utili 'fa tion of steam as vehicle. '.lhisn'i'll permit turning of the liquid fuel into fuel-gas at starting. Then, the water and steam unit can be placed in operation shortly afterwards. The burner can be operated on liquid fuel entirely Without vthe steam injecting feature although We prefer the use of this steam.

Natural .or artificial gas may be used' as the fuel agent merely by turning on the alve 3 and permitting the gas to flow diL rcctly into the left-hand lend of the main burner pipe l. This gas passes upwardly through the ports l and is mixed with the preheated air as described in the use of liquid fuel gas. It is possible, also, to use natural or artificial gas and liquid fuel at the same time, the natural or artificial gas passing into one end of the main burner pipe l and the liquid fuel gas being vaporized and delivered into the opposite end of the main burner pipe l. i

llt will also be uiiderstood that it is pos sible With our device to use eitlier natural or artificial gas for starting. Likewise, gasorline may be :introduced into thegas generating chamber 8 for starting the burner.

life have shown a burner construction designed for a small heater with only one burner pipe, one gas-generating chamber and one steam generating chamber. Olviously, it is possible to build our device with any number of burner pipes connected to one gas generating chamber and one steam generating chamber. On the other hand, We may utilize a number yol complete units comprising a steam generating` chamber, a gas generating chamber, and one or more burner pipes and these with all necessary valve connections and piping can be built into a heater, a furnace or any other fuel-consuming unit.

Agvery desirablefeaturc of our device i; that We are able to ensureany-proportional admission Iof Water and `liquid fue'l. Thislis attainable by means Vof *the intermeshi gears 39 and d0 Which may vary Withy reltion to each other. Our :units may be built `Without this attachment, however, andthe proportional delivery of fuel and Water be governed by the desires of thefoperator.

Obviously, our invention may talemany different forms, in the-.tive may duplicate some unit-s or We may omit some units. All such changes, however', are Within thescope of the claims appended hereto.

Having thus described our inventionwhat We claim is:

l. A burner structure comprising pipe with llame ports tlierehuaneans for intron ducing a gaseous fuel into one end of said pipeyand means for introducing avaporized liquid `fuel into the other end of said pipe.

2. A burner structure comprising an euclosing casing, a main burner element, a fg generating chamber, a steam generating chamber, said element and chambers being Within said casing, and subjected to the hea therein, and a reticulated element forming a hood over said burner member for directing preheated air t0 said burner member.

y 3. A burner structure comprising a. main burner element, means for introducing a gaseous fuel into one end of said burner element, a generating chamber connected to the other end of Said main burner element, means for introducinga liquid fuel to said generating chamber, said generating cham` ber being so located as to be subject to heat from said main burner element to vaporize the fuel introduced, and means for producing steam Within the burner structure and introducing it into said genera-ting` chamber.

t. A burner structure comprising a main burner element, a gas generatingl chamber, means for introducing liquid fuel into said chamber as a spray or mist, a steam generating chamber, means for conducting the steam generated in said steam generating chamber into said gas generating chamber, said gas 'generating chamber being connected to one end of said main burner element and means for introducing a gaseous fuel into the other end of said element.

5. Burner structure comprising a. main burner element, a gas generating chamber, a steam generating chamber, an inner tube Within said steam generating chamber and delivering thereto a means for controlling the admission of liquid fuel to said gas generating chamber, means for controlling` lhc admission of Water to said steam generating chamber and gearing connecting` said last two means so as to proportion the liquid fuel and Water admitted thereto.

6. Burner structure comprising a burner pipe With ame ports therein, means for inllt) troducing fuel into both ends of said pipe, a casing enclosing said pipe, and tortuous passageways for conducting admitted air past heating surfaces Within Isaid casing to the point of burning.

7. Burner structure comprising a burner pipe with flame ports therein, ineane1 i'or iutroducing 'uel into both ends oi' said pipe, an enclosing casing with an opening in its base, tortuous passages adjacent the walls ot "said easing and leading to a` point proximate the delivery ports of said pipe.

S. Burner StructureV comprising a main burner element haring deliiery ports therein7 means for feedingl to one end of said main burner elenient` means ior introducing vaporized liquid fuel to the other end o said burner element for delivery through said ports, and means t'or deliii'ering` preheatedair to a point adjacent said delivery ports and upon the outside of said main burner element.

9. A burner structure Comprising a main burner element, a gas generating chamber,

a steam generating chamber, said main burn* er element being connected in series with said gas generating chamber, said gas generating chamber being Connected in seriesK with said steam generatinrr chamber, botb Said gas generating chamber and said steam generating chamber being located above said main burner structure and subjected direeb ly to the heat oi said main burner clement and a. reticulate plate located between said burner and said chambers.

10. A burner 'structure comprising a main burner element, a gas generating chamber, a steani generating chamber and a easing, Said chambers being Connected in series with each other and with one end o' .Caid burner element, said steam generating chamber being subjected to heat ou all ot' itis sides and means for introducing a separate iuel at the other end of said burner element'.

In testimony whereof We hereby aiiix our si gnatures.

v ABBA l. STANLEY.

EDGAR A. S'lALllY. 

